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The Harlem River Houses is a New York City Housing Authority public housing complex located between West 151st and West 153rd Streets and between Macombs Place and the Harlem River Drive in the Harlem neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City. The complex, which covers , was built in 1936-37 and opened in October 1937〔Radford, Gail. "Harlem River Houses" in , p.578〕 – one of the first two housing projects in the city funded by the Federal government – with the goal of providing quality housing for working-class African Americans.〔 It has 574 apartments.〔 The complex was designated a New York City Landmark in 1975〔 and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.〔 In 2014 the complex was designated a Special Planned Community Preservation District, a zoning category created in 1974 "to preserve and protect ... superior examples of town planning or large-scale development."〔("Zoning Resolution" )〕 The success of the project can be attributed to its formal, classically-influenced design, to the project's focus on attracting a wide variety of tenants, not just the indigent, and to its "generous budget and high aspirations for quality."〔 ==History and description== As originally planned public housing in New York City was segregated. After the Harlem Riot of 1935, there was pressure to improve housing for African Americans, but no general attempts were made to desegregate public housing. The Harlem River Houses were one of two projects which, for the first time, used Federal funds to construct public housing in New York City as part of Franklin D. Roosevelt’s "New Deal" social program. The project was built by the Housing Division of the Public Works Administration at the cost of $4.5 million, an a site owned by the Rockefeller family, which demanded twice the amount which Federal land acquisition guidelines would normally allow to be paid.〔 Eventually, community protests pushed the project ahead, and the property was taken by eminent domain〔 at the price of $1 million.〔, pp.392-94〕 The other project constructed at about the same time was the Williamsburg Houses in Brooklyn, intended for whites. The construction and opening of the two projects attracted national attention.〔 ''See also:'' 〕 When the project was completed, 11,000 people applied for the 574 available apartments.〔Dunlap, David W. ("At 50, Harlem River Houses is Still Special." ) ''New York Times'' (April 23, 1987)〕 As of 1987, about 3 dozen of the tenants were part of the original group.〔 The 9 acre Harlem River Houses are said to be the most successful public housing in New York City. The architects designed modern, spacious buildings which, according to architecture critic Lewis Mumford, provided: the equipment for decent living that every modern neighborhood needs: sunlight, air, safety, play space, meeting space, and living space. The families in the Harlem Houses have higher standards of housing, measured in tangible benefits, than most of those on Park Avenue.〔 When it opened, the project had child care, health care and a public community room on site. Rent in 1937 was $21.00 a month, and by 1939 was between $19.38 and #31.42 per month.〔 During the Reagan Administration, the rent was raised from 25% to 30% of a family's gross income.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Harlem River Houses」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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